‘My grandparents had five children, three boys, and two girls. They all looked different,’ says Ermelinda – my 64 years old neighbor – when I ask her what actually makes the Portuguese Portuguese.
‘João was the smallest with his 166 cm. Both his hair and eyes were dark brown. Manuel was just about 190 cm. He had black hair and very dark eyes. Ana was also tall, 180 cm but she was blond and had greenish eyes. Cecilia just looked like a Swedish girl, with her blazing blond hair and crystal blue eyes. António had beautiful hazel eyes, his hair was brown too. Now, would you please tell me, who looks the most Portuguese ?’
The ‘typical’ Portuguese doesn’t exist in a country that has been occupied by a great number of civilizations – Phoenicians, Romans, Visigoths, Celts, Swabians, and Arabs.
On top of that, 400 years of slave trade has added black African genes to the population, something the white community here doesn’t like to be reminded off.
According to Manuel Sobrinho Simões – Head of the Pathology and Immunology Department of the University of Porto – Portuguese indeed have a remarkable mixture of genes. ‘If there is something typical of the Portuguese genome pole, then it’s the enormous diversity.’
The country is about twice as big as the Netherlands but has – with 10.3 million – much fewer inhabitants. In the last couple of years, urbanization has increased at the expense of the countryside and the coastal region has become more densely populated, younger and richer.
The two largest cities – Lisbon at the river Tagus and Porto at the river Douro – cover together only 5% of the territory, while 60% of the population and 50% of the industrial companies are located there.
The national territory can – according to the Ministry of Environment – roughly be divided into:
40% forest (pine trees, eucalyptus, cork oak)
30% farmland (agriculture and livestock)
20% urban area (towns, villages, railways, roads)
10% inland water (rivers, lakes, dams)
Over the past 22 years, farmland has decreased with 2000 km² while urbanization increased with 1000 km². During the same period, forestation increased with 2000 km² – an equivalent to about 250.000 football fields!
The bad news is, that this year already three-quarter of the increase has been destroyed by wildfires, including the tragic one in Pedrógão Grande, killing 64 people. And the nightmare hasn’t stopped yet!
(photos Público & Observador) Bom fim de semana

July turned out to be one of the driest months in the past 17 years. Water levels in dams and basins have dropped substantially.
Although water is scarce, wine is not!
In the meantime, he has been staying in Portugal for over a year, and despite the fact that pre-selection took place in Greece, he’s still waiting for his residence permit.
Moreover, they do not find the conditions they hoped for and are distributed across the countryside, while most of them have an urban background. In addition, asylum procedures are very slow, there are problems with the recognition of diplomas and there is a lack of Arabic-speaking interpreters.
‘Dat zal niet alleen een hele generatie vissers werkeloos maken maar ook de Portugese cultuur en eetgewoonten ingrijpend veranderen.
Verleden jaar werd door de Portugese vissersvloot – volgens gegevens van het Nationaal Bureau voor de Statistiek – bijna 200.000 ton vis uit zee gehaald, waarvan 14.000 ton sardines.
Het Openbaar Ministerie heeft – na 2 jaar onderzoek – 18 politieagenten beschuldigd van raciaal geweld, ernstig letsel, marteling, valsheid in geschrifte en ontvoering van 6 jonge Afro-Portugezen in Cova de Moura, een van de oudste en grootste achterstandswijken van Lissabon, met 7000 inwoners, de meeste afkomstig uit Kaapverdië.
Als ze – na voorgeleid te zijn aan de onderzoeksrechter in Sintra – bij gebrek aan bewijs vrij komen, doen ze aangifte van marteling en racistisch geweld. Intern onderzoek bij de politie levert daarvoor onvoldoende aanwijzingen op en twee agenten worden licht gestraft – een wordt overgeplaatst en de ander 6 maanden geschorst. De overige blijven gewoon dienst doen in de wijk.
‘Institutioneel racisme wordt in stand gehouden door een van de grootste leugens die we onszelf voorhouden, namelijk dat Portugal in het – koloniale – verleden amper racistisch geweest is’, zegt Joana Mortágua, parlementslid van het Links Blok. ‘Dat belemmert integratie.’ [
Kon ze maar een manier bedenken om niet meer naar die rotschool te hoeven.
‘Er zijn bejaarden in Portugal, die absoluut pervers behandeld worden’, zegt José de Faria Costa, ombudsman bij de gratis telefonische hulplijn voor ouderen ( Linha do Idoso). ‘Sommige kinderen gaan zo ver, dat ze – tegen de tijd dat het zomer wordt – stoppen met het geven van medicijnen aan hun ouders, waardoor die met spoed moeten worden opgenomen. Dan kunnen de kinderen rustig op vakantie’.
Een tweede ontwikkeling is de toegenomen levensverwachting.
Niemand minder dan de 82-jarige Sophia Loren doopte begin deze maand in Le Havre het – volgens de eigenaar – 8e wereldwonder.

